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hardware:systems:noritake

AlphaServer 1000A, AlphaServer 800, AlphaStation 600A, and Digital Server 3300 (Noritake)

AlphaServer 1000A, 800, AlphaStation 600A, Digital Server 3300
Codename Noritake, Noritake-Primo (1000A), Corelle (800), Alcor-Primo (600A)
CPU 21064A, 21164, 21164A
Processors 1
Core logic 21071/21072 (APECS), 21171 (CIA)
Memory Up to 1 GiB, SIMMs (1000A, 600A)
Buses 33 MHz PCI, EISA
Firmware SRM (last V5.7-83 on the 1000A 4/xxx, V5.7-80 on the 1000A 5/xxx, V5.8-16 on the 800, V5.6-114 on the 600A), AlphaBIOS
Kernel option CONFIG_ALPHA_NORITAKE
Linux Supported (21164A models); others Linux 6.9 and earlier

The Noritake family comprises the AlphaServer 1000A (Noritake), built with either EV4 (4/xxx) or EV5 (5/xxx, Noritake-Primo) CPUs; the AlphaServer 800 (Corelle), sold only as 5/xxx models; and the AlphaStation 600A (Alcor-Primo), also 5/xxx only. All have an EISA bus. 1) The Digital Server 3300 and 3305 are AlphaServer 800 models (see Naming). 2)

Specifications

AlphaServer 1000A

The AlphaServer 1000A is a revision of the AlphaServer 1000 with most of the EISA slots traded for PCI slots behind a PCI-to-PCI bridge. It was sold as pedestal, rackmount, and cabinet systems. 3)

  • One CPU on an upgradable daughtercard: 266 MHz 21064A (Model 4/266), or 333 or 400 MHz 21164A (Models 5/333 and 5/400)
  • 2 MiB of direct-mapped, ECC protected level 2 cache and 8 KiB of serial ROM on each CPU card
  • 128-bit ECC protected memory bus
  • Model 4/266: 20 SIMM sockets in banks of five (four data plus ECC); Models 5/333 and 5/400: 16 SIMM sockets in banks of four including ECC
  • 4, 8, 16, 32, and 64 MiB SIMMs, 32 MiB to 1 GiB total
  • Seven 33 MHz PCI slots, of which slots 11, 12, and 13 are on the primary bus and slots 1 to 4 behind the 21050 PCI-to-PCI bridge; some options are restricted to the primary bus 4)
  • Two 8.33 MHz EISA/ISA slots, both bus master capable
  • Onboard fast wide SCSI-2 controller, PCI-to-EISA bridge, 1 MiB of flash ROM, 8 KiB of NVRAM, TOY clock, two serial ports, bidirectional parallel port, floppy controller, keyboard and mouse interface, PC-style speaker
  • Onboard SVGA controller on the Model 4/266 only
  • Dual SCSI backplane, up to 30.1 GB of internal storage in the pedestal, optional RAID controllers and redundant power supplies 5)

AlphaServer 800

Except where noted, the following comes from the technical summary. 6)

  • One 21164A at 333, 400, or 500 MHz on a CPU and cache daughtercard, 7) with 2 MiB of third-level cache and 8 KiB of serial ROM; the 333, 400, and 500 MHz CPU modules are all EV5.6 8) 9)
  • 256-bit wide ECC protected memory subsystem and a 64-bit PCI bus
  • Memory banks on the motherboard, expandable from 32 MiB to 1 GiB
  • Three 32-bit PCI slots, one shared 64-bit PCI/EISA slot, and two dedicated EISA slots 10); the PCI bus runs at 33 MHz and the EISA bus at 8.33 MHz, and the EISA bus also carries the Xbus with the real-time clock, NVRAM, and operator control panel interface
  • Onboard SVGA controller with 1 MiB of video RAM, an S3 Trio64 11)
  • Onboard fast wide single-ended SCSI controller, a QLogic part 12), with an UltraSCSI-ready storage backplane
  • Remote management console (RMC) for monitoring the system remotely, plus internal temperature, fan, and status sensors with variable speed fans
  • Bidirectional parallel port, two serial ports, keyboard and mouse interface
  • Up to four 3.5-inch full-height SCSI devices with hot swap, up to three 5.25-inch half-height devices, and a 3.5-inch floppy drive
  • Sold as a pedestal or as a rackmount box taking up to four internal drives

AlphaStation 600A

  • CPU on a module: the 600A 5/500 reports a 500 MHz 21164A 13)
  • 16 SIMM sockets in four banks of four; memory options of 16, 32, 64, 128, and 256 MiB, for 16 MiB to 1 GiB, with one bank required and all modules in a bank of the same capacity
  • Primary and secondary PCI slots plus EISA slots, an onboard SCSI controller, and an onboard graphics controller that the EISA Configuration Utility can disable
  • Both SRM and AlphaBIOS, with an os_type environment variable selecting which the NVRAM boots, and a pci_parity variable whose default depends on the SCSI controller revision 14)

Digital sold an upgrade from the AlphaStation 600: the kit replaces the main logic board and the CPU module, and the Alcor memory towers are returned to Digital. 15)

Firmware

Use the final SRM version for the model: V5.7-80 on the AlphaServer 1000A 5/xxx, V5.8-16 on the AlphaServer 800, and V5.6-114 on the AlphaStation 600A (see final SRM versions and Updating firmware).

Linux

Current kernels support the Noritake family members with EV56 (21164A) CPUs (CONFIG_ALPHA_NORITAKE, or a generic kernel), which boot from SRM with aboot. The 1000A 5/300 has a 300 MHz 21164 (EV5), 16) while the 1000A 5/333 and 5/400, 17) the AlphaServer 800 5/333, 5/400, and 5/500, 18) 19) and the AlphaStation 600A 5/500 20) have 21164A (EV56) CPUs. Linux 6.9 was the last version to support the 1000A 4/266 and 5/300; Linux 6.10 removed support for processors older than the EV56 (21164A), along with the EV4 machine vector noritake_mv. 21)

  • There is no MILO for any member of the family. 22) 23)
  • A kernel built for the Mikasa platform does not run on a Noritake or the reverse, because the two deliver interrupts differently and the 1000A's built-in PCI-to-PCI bridge needs special handling. 24) A generic kernel supports both.
  • Unlike most Alpha systems, the Noritake family has PCI slots behind a PCI-to-PCI bridge that can hold a VGA card. 25)
  • The onboard SCSI controller is a QLogic ISP1020A on the AlphaServer 1000A 26) and a QLogic ISP1020 on the AlphaServer 800, 27) and uses the qla1280 driver, which loads the firmware file qlogic/1040.bin for these chips (see Known issues). 28)
  • The AlphaServer 800's onboard S3 Trio64 29) is supported by the s3fb framebuffer driver. 30)
  • For a serial console, see Using SRM.
  • Debian Ports installed on an AlphaServer 1000A with 512 MiB of memory in 2015. 31) In 2023 an AlphaServer 800 5/400 ran Debian Ports kernels; systemd failed with an instruction fault under the SMP kernel but not under the uniprocessor kernel. 32)

Known issues

  • SCSI firmware: Debian's installer images do not include the non-free qlogic/1040.bin firmware that qla1280 needs for the onboard QLogic controller. No report from a Noritake system has been found; a 2026 report from an AlphaServer 1200 (Rawhide) with a QLogic controller had to add the file to the installer's initrd. 33) 34)

History

Digital announced the AlphaServer 1000A 5/300, with a 300 MHz 21164, on 6 August 1996. 35)

Conflicting information

The following sources conflict with each other or with the account given above. They are listed here for further investigation.

Documentation


1) "Re: Alpha Server 1000A - Noritake Image (Kernel)", Jay Estabrook, axp-list, 8 Jan 1999
2) "Re: 3305 and RH6 boot problems", Rich Payne, axp-list, 2 Dec 1999
22) "Re: AlphaServer 800", Jay Estabrook, axp-list, 25 Mar 1998
23) "Re: AlphaServer 800", Jay Estabrook, axp-list, 25 Mar 1998
25) "Re: PC164UX doesnt work - anyone got details", Jay Estabrook, axp-list, 11 Aug 1998
32) "Re: Linux 6.1.27, cgroup: Instruction fault 4 with systemd", Frank Scheiner, debian-alpha, 19 Jun 2023
33) "Re: Updated Debian Ports installation images 2025-12-06", Darren Goossens, debian-alpha, 8 Mar 2026
34) "Re: Updated Debian Ports installation images 2025-12-06", John Paul Adrian Glaubitz, debian-alpha, 8 Mar 2026
35) "Press/Digital's 64-Bit AlphaServer 1000A System Gets Enhanced Power", Digital Press and Analysts News, biz.digital.announce, 7 Aug 1996
hardware/systems/noritake.txt · Last modified: by 127.0.0.1